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Ukrainian Railways
Укрзалізниця

Type	State-owned enterprise
Industry	Railway transportation, intermodal freight transport
Founded	1861 (Russian Imperial Railways) 1917 (Soviet Railways) 1991 (Ukrainian Railways)
Headquarters	5, Tvirska street, Kiev, Ukraine, 03680 [1]
Number of locations	1,700 stations and halts
Area served	Ukraine
Key people	Yevhen Kravtsov (acting CEO)[2]
Products	Rail transport services (passenger & cargo)
Revenue	₴1.76 billion (2005)
Owner	Ukraine (100%)
Number of employees	403,000 (2011)
Parent	Ministry of Infrastructure
Divisions	6 branches (Kiev, Donetsk, Lviv, Odesa, Kharkiv, Dnipro)
Website	Official website

Ukrainian Railways (Ukrainian: Укрзалізниця, Ukrzaliznytsia) is a state-owned enterprise of rail transport in Ukraine, a monopoly that controls vast majority of the railroad transportation in the country.^[3] It possesses a combined total track length of over 23,000 km, making it the 14th largest in the world. Ukrainian Railways is also the world's 6th largest rail passenger transporter and world's 7th largest freight transporter.

In 2015 Ukrainian Railways transformed through a merger of a state agency and a state-owned enterprise into a public joint stock company owned by state.

Main information

Ukraine's State Administration of Railroad Transportation is subordinated to the Ministry of Infrastructure,^[4] administering the railways through the six territorial railway companies that immediately control and provide of all aspects of the railroad transportation and maintenance under the common Ukrzaliznytsia brand. The general director of the administration is appointed by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.^[5] The gauge is 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 ²⁷⁄₃₂ in).

The administration employs more than 403,000 people throughout the country.

Administrative structure

Subdivisions of Ukrainian Railways

The railways are split into six territorial railway companies: Donetsk, Lviv, Odesa, Southern, South-Western and Near-Dnipro. The subdivision is purely administrative as it doesn't correspond to the particular railway lines or branches. The names of regional railways are purely historic, inherited from the Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires (for instance the 'South-Western Railway' actually operates the north-central part of Ukraine's rail network, while the 'Southern Railway' actually operates in the east of the country).

A UZ Intercity+ service operated by a HRCS2 multiple unit awaits departure at Dnipro's main station.

The six separate territorial railways each have their own directorates, located in the following cities:

1. 
   Donetsk Railway – Lyman (temporarily as Donetsk occupied by Russian military)


2. 
   Lviv Railway – Lviv
   


3. 
   Odesa Railway – Odesa
   


4. 
   Southern Railway – Kharkiv
   


5. 
   Southwestern Railway – Kiev
   


6. 
   Cisdnieper Railway – Dnipro
   
   1. 
      Crimea Railway (the Cisdnieper's division has been business raided by the Russian Federation)
   
   

The territorial railways are further divided into several territorial administrations, usually four or five. Such division helps in assignment of commuter railway lines depending on location.

Financial situation

In 2008 the Ukrainian State Railways transported around 498.5 million tonnes of domestic freight and 69.8 million tonnes of international freight through Ukrainian territory. Freight transport figures were particularly high on transport Routes 3, 5 and 9, which saw a combined total of 105 million tonnes carried in 2008. Further, Ukrzaliznytsia served around 518.8 million passengers over the course of the year. The state railways ran with an annual consolidated budget of a little more than 40 billion ₴ (US$5 billion) in 2008.

By the end of 2005 the railways had produced a profit equivalent to 1.76 billion ₴ (US$220 million) from all their operations including freight, passenger service, associated services and the operation of subsidiaries. The total capital invested in fixed assets of the State Railways is thought to be equivalent to around 22 billion ₴ (US$4.4 billion). However, depreciation of these fixed assets is estimated to be around 57%, or in terms of rolling stock, closer to 66.7%.

Ranks

	Private	Junior chief	Medium chief				Senior chief			Higher chief			Deputy Director	First Deputy Director	Director
Shoulder insignia for every day uniform

Infrastructure

Electrification systems in Europe:

  non-electrified

  750 V DC

  1.5 kV DC

  3 kV DC

  15 kV AC

  25 kV AC

1) High-speed lines in France, Spain, Italy, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium and Turkey operate under 25 kV, as high power lines in the former Soviet Union as well.

The full extent of railways administrated by Ukrzaliznytsia is currently around 22,300 km, of which 9,752 km (44.3%) is fully electrified with the use of the overhead wire. The network is fully interconnected, central-dispatched and consists of 1,648 stations of all sizes spread throughout the country. The largest stations are Nyzhnodniprovsk-Vuzol (in the city of Dnipro) and Darnytsia (in the capital Kiev) – both freight.

Types of stations

• Intermediate


• Sorting


• Freight


• Sectional


• Passenger

Railway stations also have five classes depending on their general performance. Some stations may be named as railway stop, platform number, passing loop (Ukrainian: роз'їзд) or simply kilometer post.

Upgrading and expansions

The Ukrainian railway network is permanently undergoing large scale reconstruction, mainly in order to reduce operating costs inherited from the Soviet economy, and to implement higher speeds of passenger services. Around 4000 track switches have already been upgraded.

Rolling stock

A typical Ukrainian CHS2K locomotive, hauling a long-distance passenger service.

Electric locomotive DE1, built in Ukraine after fall of the Soviet Union

Train of Kriukiv Railcar Engineering

Ukrzaliznytsia has several repair factories capable of producing locomotives and railcars. In addition there is a separate Kryukiv Railcar Engineering Factory and Dnieper Railcar Engineering that also produce railroad rolling stock for Ukrzaliznytsia and other companies for public transportation.

In November 2010, UZ agreed to buy 10 high-speed HRCS2 multiple unit interurban trainsets from Hyundai Rotem, with the prospect of a much larger order or joint venture for local production.^[6] The first two trains would be delivered in February 2012, two more in April and another two in May, when they will start operating.^{[7][needs update]} They will be rated as Inter City+ and will be connecting Kiev with Kharkiv, Donetsk and Lviv, and at a later stage with Dnipro and Odesa.^{[8][needs update]}

In July 2011 UZ announced plans to buy 433 electric freight locomotives; 292 2EL4s from Transmashholding, and 141 locomotives (including class VL11M/6) from Elmavalmshenebeli.^[9] Due to the 2014 Russian invasion of Ukraine Transmashholding was put on a sanctions list.^[10]

Because of the War in Donbass, some factories that were producing locomotives and railcars were lost, such as Luhanskteplovoz (Luhansk Diesel Locomotive) and Stakhanov Railcar Engineering.

In December 2017, UZ and GE Transportation agreed a to strategic partnership for the implementation of a 7-year rolling stock renewal program including the delivery of 30 locomotives to Ukrzaliznytsia in September 2018 with 40% manufactured in Ukraine.^[11]

Brief statistics

Acting head of Ukrzaliznytsia, Yevhen Kravtsov, reported in December 2017 that his company had a whole fleet of 25,000 rail cars.^[12]

• Number of freight cars – 174,939


• Number of passenger cars – 8,429


• Number of locomotives – 2,718


• Number of electric locomotives – 1,796


• Number of electric multiple units – 1,443


• Number of diesel multiple units – 186


• Number of employees – 375,900


• Number of specially branded passenger trains – 62

Stations

Classification of passenger trains (railway lines)

Railway lines are classified into commuter, regional, Intercity and EuroCity. Daytime trains are also distinguished into a separate class from those that run at night. Intercity lines are coded with single, double and triple digits. while commuter lines are coded with quadruple digits.

On 27 April 2011 in accordance with order № 504/2011 rail industry specialists developed a new classification system of passenger trains for Ukrainian Railways.^[13]

The development of a new classification system for passenger trains in Ukraine was made necessary by the need to inform customers (passengers) about the level of service quality they could expect to find in various passenger trains. The new system is based on the class of train and carriages.

Given the quality of the service provided UZ asked the following classes of passenger trains:

• Daytime passenger lines:
  
  
  
  • 
    Euro City (EC) – Express (min. 90 km/h) daytime services on international routes which should offer a very high level of service and comfort. First and standard classes.
  
  
  • 
    Inter City+ (IC+) – Express (min. 90 km/h) daytime services on domestic routes which should offer a very high level of service and comfort. First and standard classes. These services are currently operated by Hyundai Rotem HRCS2 multiple unit trains on routes between Kiev and Kharkiv, Lviv, Dnipro and Donetsk.
  
  
  • 
    Inter City (IC) – (max. 70 km/h – 90 km/h) daytime services on domestic routes which should offer a heightened level of service and comfort. First, standard and economy classes. These services are currently operated by Škoda UZ class 675 trains on routes between Kharkiv, Dnipro and Donetsk.
  
  
  • 
    Regional Express (РЕ) – (max. 70 km/h – 90 km/h) daytime services on domestic routes which should offer a standard level of service and comfort. First, standard and economy classes.
  
  
  • 
    Regional train (РП) – (max. 70 km/h) daytime services on domestic routes which should offer a standard level of service and comfort. Standard and economy classes.
  
  
  
  


• Nighttime passenger trains:
  
  
  
  • 
    Euro Night (EN) – Express (min. 90 km/h) nighttime services on international routes which should offer a very high level of service and comfort. 2 berth coupe and 4 berth coupe classes.
  
  
  • 
    Night Express (НЕ) (max. 70 km/h – 90 km/h) nighttime services on international and domestic routes which should offer a heightened level of service and comfort. 2 berth coupe, 4 berth coupe and platskarta classes.
  
  
  • 
    Night fast (НШ) – (max. 50 km/h – 70 km/h) nighttime services on international and domestic routes which should offer a heightened level of service and comfort. 2 berth coupe, 4 berth coupe and platskarta classes.
  
  
  • 
    Night passenger (НП) (max. 50 km/h) nighttime services on international and domestic routes which should offer a heightened level of service and comfort. 4 berth coupe and platskarta classes.
  
  
  
  

The advantages of the new classification system include full compliance with the classification of the European Union, compliance with Ukrainian and English names and abbreviations, linguistic and semantic consistency and clarity for customers in Ukraine and compatibility with existing and future tariff policy. The system is also not far displaced from the previous classification system used for passenger trains on the territory of Ukraine.

Gallery

• Rolling stock of the Ukrainian Railways


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  ChS4 and VL40U (locomotive) electric locomotives in Odesa
  

  
  

  
  


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  Electric locomotive DS3-012 in Vinnytsia railway station.
  

  
  

  
  


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  A D1 diesel multiple unit near Khust.
  

  
  

  
  


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  The 'Capital Express' branded train, en- route Kiev – Dnipro, ChS7 locomotive
  

  
  

  
  


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  An EPL2T multiple unit electric multiple unit arrives in Lviv
  

  
  

  
  


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  A D1 in Vorokhta.
  

  
  

  
  


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  Electric locomotive ЧС2-366 in Simferopol.
  

  
  

  
  


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  Ukrzalinytsia service cars in Kiev.
  

  
  

  
  

Ukrzaliznytsia subsidiaries and partners

Factories

• Darnytsia railcar maintenance shop


• Popasna railcar maintenance shop


• Stryi railcar maintenance shop


• Hnivan factory of special reinforced concrete


• Korosten factory of reinforced concrete railroad ties


• Kremechuk factory of reinforced concrete railroad ties


• Starokostyantyniv factory of reinforced concrete railroad ties

Producing companies

• State company "Ukrzaliznychpostach"


• State company "Vinnytsiatransprylad"


• Ukrainian state center of railroad refrigerated transportation


• Ukrainian state center in exploitation of specialized rolling stock "Ukrspecrailcar"

Others

• Central station of communication


• Donbasshlyakhpostach


• Main information-calculation center


• Ukrainian state accounting center of international transportations


• State company "Ukrainian center of track works mechanization"


• "Lisky"


• Ukrainian center of passenger service (UTsOP)


• "Ukrtransfarmatsia"

Rail links with adjacent countries

• Same gauge:
  
  
  
  • Belarus
  
  
  • Russia
  
  
  • Moldova
  
  
  
  


• 
  break-of-gauge: 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 ²⁷⁄₃₂ in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in)
  
  
  
  • Romania
  
  
  • Hungary
  
  
  • 
    Poland (plus a broad gauge cross-border cargo line, the Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa)
  
  
  • 
    Slovakia (plus a broad gauge cross-border cargo line, the Uzhhorod–Košice broad-gauge track)
  
  
  
  

Education

The National Railway University in Dnipro currently has 10 faculties as well as a technical school, a business school and branches in Odesa and Lviv, 450 professors and 39 separate fields of study related to railway transport.

Directors

President

• 1991-1993 Borys Oliynyk
  

General director

• 1993-1997 Leonid Zheleznyak
  


• 1997-2000 Anatoliy Slobodyan
  


• 2000-2004 Heorhiy Kirpa
  


• 2005-2005 Volodymyr Korniyenko
  


• 2005-2005 Zenko Aftanaziv
  


• 2005-2006 Vasyl Hladkikh
  


• 2006-2007 Volodymyr Kozak
  


• 2007-2007 Petro Naumenko
  


• 2007-2008 Vasyl Melnychuk
  


• 2008-2011 Mykhailo Kostiuk
  


• 2011-2012 Volodymyr Kozak
  


• 2013-2014 Serhiy Bolobolin
  


• 2014-2014 Borys Ostapyuk
  


• 2014-2015 Maksym Blank (acting)


• 2015-2015 Oleksandr Zavhorodniy (acting)

Board director

• 2015-2016 Oleksandr Zavhorodniy (acting)


• 2016-2016 Yevhen Kravtsov (acting)


• 2016-2016 Vitaliy Zhurakovskyi (acting)


• 2016-2017 Wojciech Balczun^[14][2]
  


• 2017-present Yevhen Kravtsov (acting)^[2]
  

See also

• Transport in Ukraine


• Railway electrification system

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rail transport in Ukraine.

• Official website


• 
  "Online ticket purchases". booking.uz.gov.ua.