Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol Koninklijke Luchthaven Schiphol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Airport type | Public | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owner/Operator | Royal Schiphol Group | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serves | Amsterdam, Netherlands | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Location | Haarlemmermeer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hub for |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Focus city for |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | −11 ft / −3 m | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 52°18′29″N 004°45′51″E / 52.30806°N 4.76417°E / 52.30806; 4.76417Coordinates: 52°18′29″N 004°45′51″E / 52.30806°N 4.76417°E / 52.30806; 4.76417 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Website | schiphol.com | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Map | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  AMS Location within Greater Amsterdam Show map of Greater Amsterdam  AMS AMS (Netherlands) Show map of Netherlands  AMS AMS (Europe) Show map of Europe | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Runways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Statistics (2017) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sources: CBS[2]Schiphol Group[3] and AIP[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (IATA: AMS, ICAO: EHAM), known informally as Schiphol Airport (Dutch: Luchthaven Schiphol, pronounced [ˌlʏxtɦaːvə(n) ˈsxɪp(ɦ)ɔl]), is the main international airport of the Netherlands. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 miles)[4] southwest of Amsterdam, in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, North Holland. It is the third busiest airport in Europe in terms of passenger volume. The airport is built as a single-terminal concept: one large terminal split into three large departure halls.
Schiphol is the hub for KLM and its regional affiliate KLM Cityhopper as well as for Corendon Dutch Airlines, Martinair, Transavia and TUI fly Netherlands. The airport also serves as a European hub for Jet Airways and as a base for EasyJet and Vueling.
Schiphol opened on 16 September 1916 as a military airbase. The end of the First World War also saw the beginning of civilian use of Schiphol Airport and the airport eventually lost its military role completely. By 1940, Schiphol had four asphalt runways at 45-degree angles. The airport was captured by the German military that same year and renamed Fliegerhorst Schiphol. The airport was destroyed through bombing but at the end of the war the airfield was restored quickly. In 1949, it was decided that Schiphol was to become the primary airport of the Netherlands.
Contents
1 Description
2 History
2.1 Early years
2.2 Development since the 1990s
3 Infrastructure
3.1 Terminal
3.1.1 Departure Hall 1
3.1.2 Departure Hall 2
3.1.3 Departure Hall 3
3.1.4 General aviation terminal
3.1.5 Other facilities
3.2 Future expansions
3.3 Tower
3.4 Runways
4 Airlines and destinations
4.1 Passenger
4.2 Cargo
4.3 Other users
5 Statistics
6 Other facilities
7 Ground transport
7.1 Rail
7.2 Bus
7.3 Car
8 Incidents and accidents
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
11.1 Bibliography
12 External links
Description
Schiphol Airport is an important European airport, ranking as Europe's third busiest and the world's eleventh busiest by total passenger traffic in 2017 (12th in 2016, 14th in 2015, 2014 and 2013 and 16th in 2012). It also ranks as the world's fifth busiest by international passenger traffic and the world's sixteenth busiest for cargo tonnage. 63,625,664 passengers passed through the airport in 2016.[5] Schiphol's main competitors in terms of passenger traffic and cargo throughput are London-Heathrow, Frankfurt, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Istanbul-Atatürk and Madrid–Barajas.
In 2010, 65.9% of passengers using the airport flew to and from Europe, 11.7% to and from North America and 8.8% to and from Asia; cargo volume was mainly between Schiphol and Asia (45%) and North America (17%).[6]
In 2010, 106 carriers provided a total of 301 destinations on a regular basis. Passenger destinations were offered by 91 airlines. Direct (non-stop) destinations grew by 9 to a total of 274. Regular destinations serviced exclusively by full freighters (non-passenger) grew by eight to a total of twenty-seven.[7]
The airport is built as one large terminal (a single-terminal concept), split into three large departure halls, which connect again once airside. The most recent of these was completed in 1994 and expanded in 2007 with a new section, called Terminal 4, although it is not considered a separate building. A new pier is to be opened in 2019 with a terminal extension planned to be operational by 2023. Plans for further terminal and gate expansion exist, including the construction of a separate new terminal between the Zwanenburgbaan and Polderbaan runways that would end the one-terminal concept.
Because of intense traffic and high landing fees (due to the limit of 500,000 flights a year), some low-cost carriers decided to move their flights to smaller airports, such as Rotterdam The Hague Airport and Eindhoven Airport. Many low-cost carriers, such as EasyJet and Transavia, however, continue to operate at Schiphol, using the low-cost H pier. Lelystad Airport is currently being expanded aimed at accommodating some of the low-cost and leisure flights currently operating out of Schiphol, eventually taking up to 45,000 flights a year.[8]
History
Early years
A Ford being used to power a winch for towing gliders at Schiphol in 1933
Before 1852, the entire Haarlemmermeer polder in which the airport lies was a large lake with some shallow areas. There are multiple stories of how the place got its name. The most popular story is that in the shallow waters sudden violent storms could claim many ships. Winds were particularly strong in the Schiphol area since the prevailing wind direction is from the south-west, and Schiphol lies in the north-eastern corner of the lake. In English, Schiphol translates to "Ships Hell", a reference to many ships supposedly lost in the lake. When the lake was reclaimed, however, no shipwrecks were found. Another possible origin of the name is the word scheepshaal. A scheepshaal is a ditch[clarification needed] or small canal in which ships would be towed from one lake to another. A third explanation would be that the name derived from the words scip hol. This is a low-lying area of land (hol) from where wood would be obtained to build ships.[9]
After the lake was dredged in the mid 1800s, a fortification named Fort Schiphol was built in the area which was part of the Stelling van Amsterdam defence works.[10]
Schiphol opened on 16 September 1916 as a military airbase, with a few barracks and a field serving as platform[clarification needed] and runways. When civil aircraft started to use the field (17 December 1920), it was often called Schiphol-les-bains. The Fokker aircraft manufacturer started a factory near Schiphol airport in 1919.[11] The end of the First World War also saw the beginning of civilian use of Schiphol Airport and the airport eventually lost its military role completely.
The air traffic control tower at Schiphol in 1960
The apron in 1965
By 1940, Schiphol had four asphalt runways at 45-degree angles, all 1,020 metres (3,350 ft) or less. One was extended to become today's runway 04/22; two others crossed that runway at 52°18′43″N 4°48′00″E / 52.312°N 4.800°E / 52.312; 4.800. The airport was captured by the German military that same year and renamed Fliegerhorst Schiphol. A large amount of anti-aircraft defences were installed in the vicinity of the airport and fake decoy airfields were constructed in the vicinity near Bennebroek, Vijfhuizen and Vogelenzang to try to confuse allied bombers. A railway connection was also built. Despite these defences, the airfield was still bombed intensively; an exceptionally heavy attack on 13 December 1943 caused so much damage that it rendered the airfield unusable as an active base. After that, it served only as an emergency landing field, until the Germans themselves destroyed the remnants of the airfield at the start of Operation Market Garden. At the end of the war, the airfield was quickly restored: the first aircraft, a Douglas DC-3, landed on 8 July 1945.[12]
A new terminal building was completed in 1949 and it was decided that Schiphol was to become the primary airport of the Netherlands. Expansion came at the cost of a small town called Rijk, which was demolished to make room for the growing airport. The name of this town is remembered in the name of the present Schiphol-Rijk industrial estate. In 1967 Schiphol expanded even further with a new terminal area at its current location. Most of the 1967 terminal is still in use today (Departure Halls 1 and 2) as are parts of the original piers (now called C, D and E). Dutch designer Benno Wissing created signage for Schiphol Airport, well known for its clear writing and thorough colour-coding; to avoid confusion, he prohibited any other signage in the shades of yellow and green used.[13] The new terminal building replaced the older facilities once located on what is now the east side of the airport. The A-Pier (now C-pier) of the airport was modified in 1970 to allow Boeing 747 aircraft to use the boarding gates. A new pier (D, now called F) opened in 1977, dedicated to handling wide-body aircraft. The first railway station at the airport followed in 1978.
Development since the 1990s
Map showing the six runways of Schiphol
The construction of a new Air Traffic Control tower was completed in 1991 as the existing tower could no longer oversee all of the airport as it was further expanded. Departure Hall 3 was added to the terminal in 1993, as was another pier, G-pier. New wayfinding signage was designed that year as well by Paul Mijksenaar.[14] A sixth runway was completed at quite some distance west of the rest of airport in 2003 and was nicknamed the Polderbaan, with the connecting taxiway crossing the A5 motorway. The distance of this runway means that taxi times to and from this runway can take between 10 and 20 minutes. It also required the construction of an additional Air Traffic Control tower as the primary tower is too far away to oversee this part of the airfield.[15]
On 25 February 2005, a diamond robbery occurred at Schiphol's cargo terminal. The robbers used a stolen KLM van to gain airside access. The estimated value of the stones was around 75 million euros, making it one of the largest diamond robberies ever.[16] Later that year, a fire broke out at the airport's detention centre, killing 11 people and injuring 15. The complex was holding 350 people at the time of the incident. Results from the investigation almost one year later showed that fire safety precautions were not in force. A national outrage resulted in the resignation of Justice Minister Piet Hein Donner (CDA) and Mayor Hartog of Haarlemmermeer. Spatial Planning Minister Sybilla Dekker (VVD) resigned as well, because she bore responsibility for the construction, safety, and maintenance of state-owned buildings.
Infrastructure
Terminal
The main entry of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
KLM Cargo Boeing 747-400ERF on the Taxiway Bridge crossing the Highway A4 E19
Check-in hall interior
Schiphol uses a one-terminal concept, where all facilities are located under a single roof, radiating from the central plaza, Schiphol Plaza. The terminal is divided into three sections or halls designated 1, 2 and 3. The piers and concourses of each hall are connected so that it is possible, on both sides of security or border inspection, to walk between piers and halls, although border control separates Schengen from non-Schengen areas. The exception to this is the low-cost pier M: once airside (past security), passengers cannot access any other areas.
Schiphol Airport has approximately 165 boarding gates including eighteen double jetway gates used for widebody aircraft. The airport adopted a distinctive design, with the second jetway extending over the aircraft wing hanging from a steel cantilever structure. Recent refurbishments have seen most of these jetways being replaced with a more conventional layout. Two gates feature a third jetway for handling of the Airbus A380. Emirates was the first airline to fly the A380 to Schiphol in August 2012, deploying the aircraft on its double daily Dubai–Amsterdam service.[17] During the summer, China Southern Airlines also uses the A380 on its Beijing–Amsterdam route.
Schiphol has large shopping areas as a source of revenue and as an additional attraction for passengers. Schiphol Plaza not only connects the three halls but also houses a large shopping centre and the railway station, also attracting general visitors.
Departure Hall 1
Departure Hall 1 consists of Piers B and C, both of which are dedicated Schengen areas and shares D-pier with Departure hall 2. Pier B has 14 gates and Pier C has 21 gates.
Departure Hall 2
Departure Hall 2 consists of Piers D and E.
Pier D is the largest pier and has two levels. The lower floor houses non-Schengen flights and the upper floor is used for Schengen flights. By using stairs, the same jetways are used to access the aircraft. Schengen gates are numbered beginning with D-59; non-Schengen gates are numbered from D-1 to D-57.
Pier E is a dedicated non-Schengen area and has 14 gates. It is typically home to SkyTeam hub airlines Delta Air Lines and KLM, along with other members, such as China Airlines and China Southern Airlines. Other Middle Eastern and Asian airlines such as EVA Air, Etihad Airways, Iran Air and Air Astana also typically operate out of Pier E.
Departure Hall 3
Departure Hall 3 consists of three piers: F, G, and H/M. Pier F has 8 gates and is typically dominated by SkyTeam members such as primary airline KLM, Kenya Airways, China Airlines and China Southern Airlines, and other members. Pier G has 13 gates and is the only pier that handles daily Airbus A380 service, by Emirates and China Southern Airlines. Piers F and G are non-Schengen areas.
Piers H and M are physically one concourse consisting of 7 shared gates and are home to low-cost airlines. Operating completely separately, H handles non-Schengen flights while M is dedicated to flights within the Schengen area.
General aviation terminal
A new general aviation terminal was opened in 2011 on the east side of the airport, operated as the KLM Jet Center. The new terminal building has a floorspace of 6,000 m2 (65,000 sq ft); 1,000 m2 (11,000 sq ft) for the actual terminal and lounges, 4,000 m2 (43,000 sq ft) for office space and 1,000 m2 (11,000 sq ft) for parking.[18]
Other facilities
The Rijksmuseum operates an annex at the airport, offering a small overview of both classical and contemporary art.[19] Admission to the exhibits is free.
In summer 2010, Schiphol Airport Library opened alongside the museum, providing passengers access to a collection of 1,200 books (translated into 29 languages) by Dutch authors on subjects relating to the country's history and culture. The 89.9 m2 (968 sq ft) library offers e-books and music by Dutch artists and composers that can be downloaded free of charge to a laptop or mobile device.[20]
For aviation enthusiasts, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol has a large rooftop viewing area, called the Panoramaterras. It is not accessible to connecting passengers unless they first exit the airport. Enthusiasts and the public can enter, free of charge, from the airport's landside. Since June 2011, it is the location for a KLM Cityhopper Fokker 100, modified to be a viewing exhibit.[21] Besides the Panoramaterras, Schiphol has other spotting sites, especially along the newest Polderbaan runway and at the McDonald's restaurant at the north side of the airport.
Schiphol has its own mortuary, where the dead can be handled and kept before departure or after arrival. Since October 2006, people can also hold a wedding ceremony at Schiphol.[22]
Schiphol also has a new state-of-the-art cube-shaped Hilton Amsterdam Airport Schiphol with 433 rooms, rounded corners and diamond-shaped windows. The spacious atrium has a 41-metre-high (135 ft) ceiling made of glass and is in the heart of the building. A covered walkway connects the hotel directly to the terminal. The hotel was completed in 2015.[23]
Future expansions
In 2012, Schiphol Group announced an expansion of Schiphol, featuring a new pier,[24] an expansion of the terminal, and a new parking garage.[25] Pier A will be part of Departure Hall 1, which already has Pier B (14 gates) and Pier C (21 gates). The new Pier A will have 11 gates for flexible use. It can handle either 3 wide-body aircraft and 5 narrow-body aircraft, or 11 narrow-body aircraft.[26] The first activities are expected to start in 2017 and to be completed in 2023. The expansions will cost about 500 million euros.
First, the new Pier A will be built to the southwest of Pier B, in an area currently used as a freight platform. Expected to be operational by the end of 2019, pier A will mainly be used for flights within Europe. To handle future growth in passengers, Schiphol will further expand the terminal and build a fourth departure hall with facilities for both departures and arrivals. From this new building, direct access will be made to Schiphol Plaza, continuing the one-terminal concept. When finished in 2023, Schiphol will be able to handle over 70 million passengers.[27] Due to rapid growth of Schengen passengers during 2016, Schiphol was however forced to rapidly build a temporary departure hall which opened in March 2017.[28]
Tower
The Schiphol air traffic control tower, with a height of 101 m (331 ft), was the tallest in the world when constructed in 1991. Schiphol is geographically one of the world's lowest major commercial airports. The entire airport is below sea level. The lowest point sits at 3.4 m (11 ft) below sea level: 1.4 m (4.5 ft) below the Dutch Normaal Amsterdams Peil (NAP). The runways are around 3 m (9.8 ft) below NAP.[29][30]
Runways
Schiphol has six runways, one of which is used mainly by general aviation.[4] AMS covers a total area of 6,887 acres (2,787 ha) of land.[31]
| Number | Runway direction/code | Length (in metres and feet) | Runway common name | Source of the name | Surface | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 18R/36L | 3,800 m 12,467 ft | Polderbaan | Decided via contest. Polder is the Dutch word for land reclaimed from a body of water. Schiphol Airport is situated on a polder. | Asphalt | Newest runway, opened 2003. Own control tower. Located to reduce the noise impact on the surrounding population. Takeoffs only northbound and landings only southbound. The nearest end is located 5 km (3.1 mi) from the terminal building, and aircraft have a lengthy 15-minute taxi to and from the Terminal. |
| 2 | 06/24 | 3,500 m 11,483 ft | Kaagbaan | Named after the Kagerplassen, a cluster of lakes which lies beyond the end of the runway. | Asphalt | Opened in 1960. The Kaagbaan offered a location for spotters until the spotting location was closed in January 2008.[32] |
| 3 | 09/27 | 3,453 m 11,329 ft | Buitenveldertbaan | Named after Buitenveldert, a neighbourhood of Amsterdam. | Asphalt | Opened in 1967. El Al Flight 1862 was trying to make an emergency landing on this runway when it crashed into a block of flats in the Bijlmermeer.[33] |
| 4 | 18L/36R | 3,400 m 11,155 ft | Aalsmeerbaan | Named after the town of Aalsmeer. | Asphalt | Opened in 1950. |
| 5 | 18C/36C | 3,300 m 10,826 ft | Zwanenburgbaan | Named after the village of Zwanenburg. | Asphalt | Opened in 1968. El Al Flight 1862 took off from this runway before crashing into flats in the Bijlmermeer when the plane was trying to return to the airport.[33] |
| 6 | 04/22 | 2,014 m 6,608 ft | Oostbaan | Most eastern of all runways. | Asphalt | Opened in 1945. Primarily used for general aviation traffic.[4] In October 2010 a B-737 of Corendon Airlines overshot the short runway and ended up with its nosegear in the mud.[34] |
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
Adria Airways[35] | Ljubljana |
Aegean Airlines[36] | Athens |
Aer Lingus[37] | Cork, Dublin |
Aeroflot[38] | Moscow–Sheremetyevo |
Aeroméxico[39] | Mexico City |
Air Arabia Maroc[40] | Fez, Nador, Tangier Seasonal: Marrakesh |
Air Astana[41] | Atyrau |
Air Canada[42] | Toronto–Pearson |
Air Europa[43] | Madrid |
Air France[44] | Clermont-Ferrand, Nantes, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rennes, Strasbourg Seasonal: Marseille |
Air Malta[45] | Malta |
Air Mauritius[46] | Seasonal: Mauritius |
Air Serbia[47] | Belgrade |
Air Transat[48] | Seasonal: Calgary, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver |
airBaltic[49] | Riga, Tallinn, Vilnius |
Alitalia[50] | Milan–Linate, Rome–Fiumicino |
American Airlines[51] | Philadelphia Seasonal: Dallas/Fort Worth |
Arkia[52] | Seasonal: Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion |
AtlasGlobal[53] | Istanbul–Atatürk |
Austrian Airlines[54] | Vienna |
Belavia[55] | Minsk |
British Airways[56] | London–City, London–Gatwick, London–Heathrow |
Bulgaria Air[57] | Sofia Seasonal charter: Burgas, Varna |
Cathay Pacific[58] | Hong Kong |
China Airlines[59] | Taipei–Taoyuan |
China Eastern Airlines[60] | Shanghai–Pudong |
China Southern Airlines[61] | Beijing–Capital, Guangzhou |
Corendon Dutch Airlines[62] | Antalya, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Tenerife South Seasonal: Alghero, Alicante, Banjul, Bodrum, Burgas, Catania, Corfu, Dalaman, Enfidha, Ercan, Faro, Heraklion, Ibiza, Izmir, Kos, Málaga, Mytilene, Ohrid, Palma de Mallorca, Rhodes, Trapani, Zakynthos |
Croatia Airlines[63] | Zagreb Seasonal: Dubrovnik, Pula |
Czech Airlines[64] | Prague |
Delta Air Lines[65] | Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Orlando, Portland (OR), Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa (begins 23 May 2019)[66] |
easyJet[67] | Agadir, Alicante, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast–International, Berlin–Schönefeld, Bordeaux, Bristol, Budapest, Edinburgh, Fuerteventura, Geneva, Glasgow, Lisbon, Liverpool, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, London–Southend, London–Stansted, Málaga, Manchester, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Naples, Nice, Prague, Rome–Fiumicino, Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion, Venice, Vienna, Zürich Seasonal: Catania, Corfu, Dubrovnik, Ibiza, Lanzarote, Marseille, Olbia, Palma de Mallorca, Pula (begins 29 June 2019)[68], Rhodes, Salzburg, Split, Tenerife South, Toulouse |
EgyptAir[69] | Cairo |
El Al[70] | Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion |
Emirates[71] | Dubai–International |
Etihad Airways[72] | Abu Dhabi |
Eurowings[73] | Hamburg, Munich, Stuttgart |
EVA Air[74] | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Taipei–Taoyuan |
Finnair[75] | Helsinki |
Flybe[76] | Birmingham, Doncaster/Sheffield, East Midlands, Exeter, London–City, Manchester, Southampton |
Garuda Indonesia[77] | Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta |
Georgian Airways[78] | Tbilisi |
Iberia Express[79] | Madrid |
Icelandair[80] | Reykjavík–Keflavík |
Iran Air[81] | Tehran–Imam Khomeini |
Jet Airways[82] | Bengaluru, Delhi, Mumbai, Toronto–Pearson |
Jet2.com[83] | Leeds/Bradford |
Kenya Airways[84] | Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta |
KLM[85] | Aalborg, Aberdeen, Abu Dhabi, Accra, Ålesund, Alicante, Aruba, Athens, Atlanta, Bahrain, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Beijing–Capital, Belfast–City, Bergen, Berlin–Tegel, Bilbao, Billund, Birmingham, Bogotá, Bologna, Bonaire, Bordeaux, Boston (resumes 31 March 2019),[86]Bremen, Bristol, Brussels, Bucharest, Budapest, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cagliari, Calgary, Cape Town, Cardiff, Cartagena, Catania, Chengdu, Chicago–O'Hare, Copenhagen, Curaçao, Dammam, Dar es Salaam, Delhi, Denpasar, Dresden, Dubai–International, Dublin, Durham Tees Valley, Düsseldorf, Edinburgh, Edmonton, Entebbe, Florence, Fortaleza, Frankfurt, Freetown (ends 19 January 2019),[87]Gdańsk, Geneva, Genoa, Glasgow, Gothenburg–Landvetter, Graz, Guayaquil, Hamburg, Hangzhou, Hanover, Havana, Helsinki, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Humberside, Inverness, Istanbul–Atatürk, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo, Kiev–Boryspil, Kigali, Kilimanjaro, Kraków, Kristiansand, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuwait, Lagos, Las Vegas (begins 6 June 2019),[88]Leeds/Bradford, Lima, Linköping, Lisbon, London–City, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Luanda, Luxembourg, Lyon, Madrid, Málaga, Manchester, Manila, Mexico City, Miami, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montpellier, Monrovia (ends 19 January 2019),[87]Montréal–Trudeau, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Mumbai, Munich, Muscat, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Nantes, Naples (begins 21 April 2019),[89]New York–JFK, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nice, Norwich, Nuremberg, Osaka–Kansai, Oslo–Gardermoen, Panama City, Paramaribo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Porto, Prague, Quito, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Sandefjord, Santiago de Chile, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, St. Maarten, Saint Petersburg, Southampton (ends 30 March 2019),[90]Split, Stavanger, Stockholm–Arlanda, Stuttgart, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Toulouse, Trondheim, Turin, Valencia, Vancouver, Växjö, Venice, Vienna, Warsaw–Chopin, Washington–Dulles, Windhoek–Hosea Kutako, Wrocław (begins 6 May 2019),[91]Xiamen, Zagreb, Zürich Seasonal: Colombo, Ibiza, Marseille, Mauritius, Salt Lake City, San José (CR), Split |
Korean Air[92] | Seoul–Incheon |
LOT Polish Airlines[93] | Warsaw–Chopin |
Lufthansa[94] | Frankfurt, Munich |
Nordica[95] | Tallinn (ends 14 January 2019)[96] |
Norwegian Air Shuttle[97] | Copenhagen, Helsinki, New York–JFK, Oslo–Gardermoen, Stockholm–Arlanda |
Pegasus Airlines[98] | Antalya, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen Seasonal: Bodrum, Izmir, Kayseri, Konya |
Qatar Airways[99] | Doha |
Royal Air Maroc[100] | Casablanca, Nador, Tangier Seasonal: Al Hoceima, Oujda |
Royal Jordanian[101] | Amman–Queen Alia |
Ryanair[102] | Dublin, Málaga |
Scandinavian Airlines[103] | Copenhagen, Oslo–Gardermoen, Stockholm–Arlanda |
Singapore Airlines[104] | Singapore |
Sun d'Or[105] | Seasonal: Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion |
SunExpress[106] | İzmir Seasonal: Al Hoceima, Ankara, Antalya, Kayseri, Konya, Nador |
Surinam Airways[107] | Paramaribo |
| Swiss International Air Lines[108] | Zürich |
TAP Air Portugal[109] | Lisbon, Porto |
TAROM[110] | Bucharest |
Thomas Cook Airlines[111] | Seasonal charter: Gran Canaria, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife South |
Transavia[112] | Agadir, Alicante, Almería, Athens, Barcelona, Bari, Beirut, Belgrade, Casablanca, Catania, Faro, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Helsinki, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Katowice, La Palma, Lanzarote, Larnaca, Ljubljana, Lisbon, Málaga, Marrakech, Munich, Naples, Nice, Paris–Orly, Pisa, Porto, Reus, Seville, Sofia, Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion, Tenerife South, Thessaloniki, Tirana, Valencia, Zürich Seasonal: Ajaccio, Antalya, Bodrum, Chambéry, Chania, Chios, Corfu, Dalaman, Dubai–International, Dubrovnik, Eilat–Ovda, Girona, Heraklion, İzmir, Kalamata, Kefalonia, Kos, Malta, Menorca, Mykonos, Olbia, Palermo, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Preveza/Lefkada, Rhodes, Sal, Salzburg, Samos, Santorini, Varna, Verona, Zakynthos Seasonal charter: Djerba, Essaouira, Ivalo (begins 22 December 2018),[113]Kiruna (begins 2 February 2019),[113]Kittilä, Kuusamo (begins 16 December 2018),[113]Monastir, Rovaniemi (begins 23 December 2018),[113]Sharm El Sheikh, Tromsø (begins 19 January 2019),[114]Volos |
TUI fly Netherlands[115] | Aruba, Banjul, Boa Vista, Bonaire, Cancún, Curaçao, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Holguín, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Málaga, Marsa Alam, Miami, Montego Bay, Orlando–Sanford, Paramaribo, Praia, Punta Cana, Sal, São Vicente, Tenerife South, Varadero Seasonal: Alicante, Antalya, Bodrum, Chania, Corfu, Dakar–Diass, Dalaman, Enfidha, Faro, Funchal, Gazipaşa, Heraklion, Ibiza, Ivalo, İzmir, Karpathos, Kefalonia, Kittilä, Kos, Kuusamo, La Palma, Menorca, Mombasa, Mykonos, Mytilene, Ohrid, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Ponta Delgada, Preveza/Lefkada, Pula, Rhodes, Samos, Santorini, Seville, Sharm El Sheikh, Skiathos, Zakynthos, Zanzibar |
Tunisair[116] | Tunis |
Turkish Airlines[117] | Istanbul–Atatürk (ends 31 December 2018),[118]Istanbul (begins 1 January 2019),[118]Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen |
| Ukraine International Airlines[119] | Kiev–Boryspil |
United Airlines[120] | Chicago–O'Hare, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, San Francisco (begins 30 March 2019),[121]Washington–Dulles |
Ural Airlines[122] | Moscow–Zhukovsky (begins 31 March 2019)[123] |
Vueling[124] | Alicante, Barcelona, Bilbao, Florence, Fuerteventura, Lisbon, London–Luton, Málaga, Milan–Malpensa, Porto, Rome–Fiumicino, Santiago de Compostela, Vienna Seasonal: Ibiza, Palma de Mallorca, Valencia |
WOW air[125] | Reykjavík–Keflavík |
XiamenAir[126] | Xiamen, Beijing |
Cargo
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
Air China Cargo[127] | Shanghai–Pudong, Tianjin |
AirBridgeCargo Airlines | Anchorage, Chengdu, Chicago–O'Hare, Khabarovsk, Los Angeles, Moscow–Domodedovo, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Novosibirsk, Shanghai–Pudong, Zhengzhou |
Cargolux | Luxembourg |
Cathay Pacific Cargo | Chennai, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Hong Kong |
China Airlines Cargo | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Prague, Taipei–Taoyuan |
China Cargo Airlines | Shanghai–Pudong, Ningbo, Zhengzhou, Xi'an, Zaragoza, Copenhagen, Tianjin |
China Southern Airlines Cargo | Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shanghai–Pudong |
Coyne Airways | Tbilisi |
DHL Aviation | East Midlands, London–Heathrow |
Emirates SkyCargo | Barcelona, Chicago O'Hare, Columbus–Rickenbacker, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Houston–Intercontinental, Los Angeles, Luxembourg,[128]Oslo–Gardermoen |
Etihad Cargo[129] | Abu Dhabi,[129]Bridgetown,[129]Bogotá[129] |
FedEx Express | Oslo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle |
Iran Air Cargo | Tehran Imam-Khomeini |
Kalitta Air | Bahrain |
Korean Air Cargo | Seoul–Incheon |
LATAM Cargo Chile | Frankfurt, Campinas–Viracopos, Santiago de Chile |
Martinair | Aguadilla, Bogotá, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas–Viracopos, Caracas, Cairo, Dar es Salaam, Entebbe, Guatemala City, Harare, Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo, Kigali, Lima, London–Stansted, Lusaka, Miami, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Quito, Santiago de Chile |
MNG Airlines | Istanbul–Atatürk, Munich, Tripoli–Mitiga |
Nippon Cargo Airlines | Tokyo–Narita, Milano-Malpensa, Frankfurt-Hahn |
Qatar Airways Cargo | Chicago–O'Hare, Doha |
Saudia Cargo | Dammam, Jeddah, Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta |
Silk Way Airlines | Baku |
Singapore Airlines Cargo | Bangalore, Chennai, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, London–Heathrow, Mumbai, Sharjah, Singapore |
Turkish Airlines Cargo | Istanbul–Atatürk, London–Stansted |
Yangtze River Express | Munich, Shanghai–Pudong, Tianjin, Zhengzhou |
Other users
Other regular users of Schiphol are the Dutch Coast Guard whose aircraft are operated by the Royal Netherlands Air Force, the Dienst Luchtvaart Politie and the Dutch Dakota Association.
Statistics
Air France Airbus A320-200 in Amsterdam
Delta Airlines Airbus A330-300 in Amsterdam
China Airlines Boeing 747-400 in Amsterdam
KLM Boeing 787-9 in Amsterdam
Garuda Indonesia Boeing 777-300ER on service in Amsterdam
Qatar Airways Boeing 777F in Amsterdam
Singapore Airlines Airbus A350 taking off in Amsterdam
Emirates Airbus A380 in Amsterdam
Kenya Airways Boeing 777-200ER in Amsterdam
| Rank | Airport | Passengers 2017 | Change % | Airlines |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  UK, London (Heathrow), United Kingdom | 1,689,314 |  4.5 | British Airways, KLM |
| 2 |  Spain, Barcelona, Spain | 1,361,452 | 4.3 | KLM, Transavia, Vueling |
| 3 |  France, Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France | 1,264,921 | 6.7 | Air France, KLM |
| 4 |  Italy, Rome (Fiumicino), Italy | 1,111,831 | 1.1 | Alitalia, EasyJet, KLM, Vueling |
| 5 |  Ireland, Dublin, Ireland | 1,080,715 | 15.4 | Aer Lingus, KLM, Ryanair |
| 6 | UK, London (Gatwick), United Kingdom | 1,074,382 | 0.3 | British Airways, EasyJet |
| 7 | UK, Manchester, United Kingdom | 1,048,471 | 2.7 | EasyJet, Flybe, KLM |
| 8 |  Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark | 1,033,491 | 6.0 | Norwegian, KLM, Scandinavian Airlines |
| 9 | Spain, Madrid, Spain | 1,021,861 | 3.0 | Air Europa, Iberia, KLM |
| 10 |  Germany, Munich, Germany | 954,602 | 20.0 | Eurowings, KLM, Lufthansa, Transavia |
| 11 |  Switzerland, Zürich, Switzerland | 939,900 | 17.4 | EasyJet, KLM, Swiss, Transavia |
| 12 |  Sweden, Stockholm (Arlanda), Sweden | 866,407 | 11.0 | Norwegian, KLM, Scandinavian Airlines |
| 13 |  Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal | 856,730 | 10.7 | EasyJet, KLM, TAP Air Portugal, Transavia, Vueling |
| 14 | Germany, Frankfurt, Germany | 842,801 | 3.1 | KLM, Lufthansa |
| 15 |  Turkey, Istanbul (Atatürk), Turkey | 807,779 | 2.2 | Atlas, Corendon, KLM, Onur Air, Turkish Airlines |
| 16 | UK, London Luton, UK | 785,704 | 29.0 | EasyJet, Vueling |
| 17 |  Austria, Vienna, Austria | 768,585 | 7.8 | Austrian Airlines, EasyJet, KLM |
| 18 | Italy, Milan Malpensa, Italy | 743,496 | 59.4 | EasyJet, KLM, Vueling |
| 19 |  Norway, Oslo (Gardermoen), Norway | 707,220 | 3.0 | KLM, Norwegian, Scandinavian Airlines |
| 20 | Spain, Malaga, Spain | 703,411 | 31.0 | Corendon, EasyJet, KLM, Ryanair, Transavia, TUI fly, Vueling |
| Source: http://trafficreview2017.schiphol.tangelo.nl/passengers | ||||
| Rank | Airport | Passengers 2017 | Change % | Airlines |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  UAE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates | 954,738 | 6.5 | Emirates, KLM, Transavia |
| 2 |  USA, Atlanta, United States | 802,550 | 3.2 | Delta, KLM |
| 3 | USA, New York-JFK, United States | 682,249 | 0.6 | Delta, KLM, Norwegian |
| 4 |  Canada, Toronto-Pearson, Canada | 626,586 | 10.3 | Air Canada, Air Transat, Jet Airways, KLM |
| 5 |  Israel, Tel Aviv, Israel | 566,237 | 10.7 | Arkia, EasyJet, El Al, Israir Airlines, KLM, Transavia |
| 6 | USA, Detroit, United States | 565,988 | 5.1 | Delta |
| 7 | USA, Minneapolis/Saint Paul, United States | 537,956 | 19,0 | Delta, KLM |
| 8 |  Curacao, Curaçao, Kingdom of the Netherlands | 472,153 | 0.5 | KLM, TUIfly |
| 9 |  Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong | 415,076 | 1.1 | Cathay Pacific, KLM |
| 10 |  China, Shanghai (Pudong), China | 410,207 | 7.7 | China Eastern, KLM |
| 11 |  Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya | 410,097 |  0.3 | Kenya Airways, KLM |
| 12 |  India, Delhi, India | 398,457 | 20.3 | Jet Airways, KLM |
| 13 | China, Beijing (Capital), China | 361,002 | 0.5 | China Southern, KLM |
| 14 | UAE, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | 346,572 | 8.8 | Etihad, KLM |
| 15 | USA, Los Angeles, United States | 325,764 | 6.5 | Delta, KLM |
| 16 |  Thailand, Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi), Thailand | 318,726 | 21.1 | EVA Air, KLM |
| 17 | USA, Houston, United States | 310,421 | 0.3 | KLM, United |
| 18 |  Singapore, Singapore, Singapore | 310,289 | 1.0 | KLM, Singapore Airlines |
| 19 | USA, Washington-Dulles, USA | 309,890 | 14.4 | KLM, United |
| 20 |  Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico | 306,567 | 23.5 | Aeromexico, KLM |
| Source: http://trafficreview2017.schiphol.tangelo.nl/passengers | ||||
| Rank | Country | Movements 2017 | Change % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | UK | 95,224 | 0.3 | |
| 2 | Germany | 44,332 | 0.4 | |
| 3 | Spain | 38,034 | 8.5 | |
| 4 | Italy | 31,590 | 4.7 | |
| 5 | France | 30,822 | 1.2 | |
| 6 | USA | 24,050 | 3.1 | |
| 7 | Norway | 18,313 | 1.7 | |
| 8 | Switzerland | 18,123 | 2.9 | |
| 9 | Denmark | 13,933 | 1.4 | |
| 10 | Turkey | 12,354 | 13.3 | |
| Source: http://trafficreview2017.schiphol.tangelo.nl/movements | ||||
| Rank | Country | Passengers 2017 | Change % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | UK | 10,146,619 | 4.6 | |
| 2 | Spain | 5,998,703 | 9.3 | |
| 3 | USA | 5,436,764 | 7.8 | |
| 4 | Germany | 4,289,306 | 5.0 | |
| 5 | Italy | 4,139,227 | 5.1 | |
| 6 | France | 3,579,512 | 5.6 | |
| 7 | Switzerland | 2,059,295 | 8.8 | |
| 8 | Turkey | 1,940,626 | 6.0 | |
| 9 | Norway | 1,823,070 | 2.9 | |
| 10 |  Greece | 1,680,209 | 22.5 | |
| Source: http://trafficreview2017.schiphol.tangelo.nl/passengers | ||||
Other facilities
Schiphol Group offices
The Convair Building, which houses KLM Cityhopper and KLM offices, and the original Schiphol control tower
The TransPort Building on the Schiphol Airport property houses the head offices of Martinair and Transavia.[130] Construction of the building, which has 10,800 m2 (116,000 sq ft) of rentable space, began on 17 March 2009. Schiphol Group and the architect firm Paul de Ruiter designed the building, while De Vries and Verburg, a firm of Stolwijk, constructed the building.[131]
The World Trade Center Schiphol Airport houses the head office of SkyTeam,[132][133] the Netherlands office of China Southern Airlines,[134] and the Netherlands offices of Iran Air.[135] The head office of Schiphol Group, the airport's operator, is located on the airport property.[136] The Convair Building, with its development beginning after a parcel was earmarked for its development in 1999, houses KLM offices,[137] including KLM Recruitment Services and the head office of KLM Cityhopper.[138][139] The original control tower of Schiphol Airport, which the airport authorities had moved slightly from its original location, now houses a restaurant.[137] The area Schiphol-Rijk includes the head offices of TUI fly Netherlands and Amsterdam Airlines.[140][141]
At one time KLM had its head office briefly on the grounds of Schiphol Airport.[142] Its current head office in nearby Amstelveen had a scheduled completion at the end of 1970.[143] Previously Martinair had its head office in the Schiphol Center (Dutch: Schiphol Centrum) at Schiphol Airport.[144][145] Formerly, the head office of Transavia was in the Building Triport III at Schiphol Airport.[146][147][148]NLM Cityhopper and later KLM Cityhopper previously had their head offices in Schiphol Airport building 70.[149][149]
Nippon Cargo Airlines has its Europe regional headquarters at Schiphol.[150] The National Aerospace Museum Aviodome–Schiphol was previously located at Schiphol.[151] In 2003 the museum moved to Lelystad Airport and was renamed the "Aviodrome."[152]
Ground transport
Rail
The construction of the tunnel and railway station in 1992
The Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), the national Dutch train operator, has a major passenger railway station directly underneath the passenger terminal complex that offers transportation 24 hours a day into the four major cities Amsterdam, Utrecht, The Hague and Rotterdam. There are efficient and often direct services to many other cities in the country.[153] There are intercity connections to Almere, Lelystad, Amsterdam Centraal, Utrecht Centraal, both The Hague Centraal and The Hague HS, Rotterdam Centraal, Eindhoven, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leeuwarden, Groningen, Amersfoort, Apeldoorn, Deventer, Enschede, Arnhem, Nijmegen and Heerlen. Schiphol is also a stop for the Thalys international high-speed train, connecting the airport directly to Antwerp, Brussels, Lille and Paris Gare du Nord, as well as to Bourg St Maurice (winter) and Marseille (summer). The Intercity-Brussel (also named "beneluxtrein") to Antwerp and Brussels stops 16x a day at the airport.
Bus
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is also easily accessible by bus, as many services call or terminate at the bus station located outside in front of the terminal building.[154]
| Destination | Service(s) |
|---|---|
Aalsmeer | 342, Nightbus N42 |
Alphen aan den Rijn | 370 |
Amstelveen | 186, 199, 300, Night bus N30 |
Amsterdam, Leidseplein/city centre | 397, night bus N97 "Amsterdam Airport Express" |
| Amsterdam, Osdorp | 69, 194, 195, Night bus N95 |
| Amsterdam, Slotervaart | 69 |
| Amsterdam, Amsterdam–Zuid and Buitenveldert | 341 |
Amsterdam Bijlmer Arena | 300, Night bus N30 |
Haarlem | 300, Night bus N30 |
Hoofddorp | 300, 397, 341, Night bus N30, Night bus N97 |
IJmuiden | Night bus N30 |
Keukenhof Gardens | 858 (seasonal) |
Lisse | 361 |
Leiden | 365 |
Leimuiden | 370 |
Nieuw-Vennep | 397, Night bus N97 |
Ouderkerk aan de Amstel | 300, Night bus N30 |
Sassenheim | 361 |
| Schiphol | 180, 181, 185, 186, 187, 190, 191, 193, 194, 195, 198, 199 |
Uithoorn | 342, Night bus N42 |
Vijfhuizen | 300, Night bus N30 |
Zoetermeer | 365 |
The Taiwanese EVA Air provides private bus services from Schiphol to Belgium for its Belgium-based customers. The service, which departs from and arrives at bus stop C11, goes to Sint-Gillis, Brussels (near the Brussels-South (Midi) railway station) and Berchem, Antwerp (near Antwerp-Berchem bus station). The service is co-operated with Reizen Lauwers NV.[155]
Car
Schiphol Airport can easily be reached by car via the A4 and A9 motorways.
Incidents and accidents
The crash site of El Al Flight 1862 in 1992
The crash site of Turkish Airlines Flight 1951 on 25 February 2009
- On 14 November 1946, a Douglas C-47 operated by KLM from London approached Schiphol during bad weather conditions. The first two attempts to land failed. During the third attempt, the pilot realized that the airplane was not lined up properly with the runway. The aircraft made a sharp left turn at low speed, causing the left wing to hit the ground. The airplane crashed and caught fire, killing all 26 people on board.
- On 4 October 1992, El Al Flight 1862, a Boeing 747-200F cargo jet en route to Tel Aviv, lost both right-wing engines (#3 and #4) just after taking off from Schiphol and crashed into an apartment building in the Bijlmer neighbourhood of Amsterdam while attempting to return to the airport. A total of 43 people were killed, including the plane's crew of three and a non-revenue passenger. In addition to these fatalities, 11 persons were seriously injured and 15 persons received minor injuries.
- On 4 April 1994, Flight KL433 to Cardiff, a Saab 340 operated by KLM Cityhopper, returned to Schiphol after setting the number two engine to flight idle because the crew mistakenly believed that the engine suffered from low oil pressure because of a faulty warning light. On final approach at a height of 90 ft (27 m), the captain decided to go-around and gave full throttle on only the number one engine leaving the other in flight idle. The airplane rolled to the right, pitched up, stalled and hit the ground at 80 degrees bank. Of the twenty-four people on board, three were killed including the captain. Nine others were seriously injured.
- On 25 February 2009, Turkish Airlines Flight 1951, a Boeing 737-800 from Istanbul crashed on approach, just 1 km (0.6 mi) short of the airport's Polderbaan runway. The plane carried 128 passengers and 7 crew on board. 9 people were killed and a further 86 were injured, including six with serious injuries. Four of the dead were employees of Boeing, involved in an advanced radar deal with Turkey. An initial report from the Dutch Safety Board revealed that the left radio altimeter had failed to provide the correct height above the ground and suddenly reported −8 ft (−2.4 m). As a result of this the autothrottle system closed the thrust levers to idle, as it is programmed to reduce thrust when below 27 ft (8.2 m) radio altitude. This eventually resulted in a dropping airspeed that was not acted upon until it was too late to recover, and the aircraft stalled and crashed in a field.
See also
- Transport in the Netherlands
Hello Goodbye (TV series)- List of busiest passenger air routes
Notes
References
^ "Amsterdam airport – Economic and social impact". Ecquants. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "CBS StatLine – Luchtvaart; maandcijfers Nederlandse luchthavens van nationaal belang". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "Transport and Traffic statistics". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ abcd EHAM – Amsterdam / Schiphol. AIP from AIS the Netherlands, effective 6 December 2018
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Annual Report Schiphol Group 2010". Schipholgroup. 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-12-15.
^ "Annual Report Schiphol Group 2009". Schipholgroup. 2010.
^ "Lelystad Airport krijgt ruimte om te groeien | Nieuwsbericht | Rijksoverheid.nl". www.rijksoverheid.nl. Retrieved 2015-08-22.
^ "Waar komt de naam Schiphol vandaan?". Schiphol Nederland B.V. 2013. Archived from the original on 19 November 2011.
^ "Stelling van Amsterdam – Fort van het Schiphol" (in Dutch). Stelling-Amsterdam.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ Williamson, Mitch (23 November 2007). "War and Game: Fokker Aircraft Company 1910–45". Warandgame.info. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
^ Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire historie – Vliegvelden in Oorlogstijd (2009)
^ Rawthorn, Alice (21 October 2012). "Designers of the Signs That Guide You". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Amsterdam Airport Schiphol". Mijksenaar bv. 2009. Archived from the original on 24 May 2009.
^ Schiphol Junior Geschiedenis Schiphol, article retrieved 21 July 2014.
^ Rosie Cowan. "Up to £52m in gems stolen in airport raid". the Guardian. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "Amsterdam joins Emirates' A380 network". Emirates Netherlands. (15 February 2012).
^ Schiphol.nl – New General Aviation Terminal at Schiphol-East opened for use, article retrieved 8 June 2014.
^ "Rijksmuseum Amsterdam Schiphol". Rijksmuseum. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ Clark, Nicola (15 September 2010). "At Schiphol, an Unlikely Sanctuary of Books". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Fokker 100 van KLM op Panoramaterras Schiphol". Schiphol Amsterdam Airport. 8 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011.
^ Baskas, Harriet (10 June 2008). "Will you marry me at the airport?". USA Today. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Hilton Amsterdam Airport Schiphol". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "Pier A". Archived from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "New car park P3". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "Groen licht voor nieuwe pier en terminal Schiphol". Retrieved 16 March 2016.
^ "Schiphol in 2016 van start met bouw nieuwe pier en terminal". Retrieved 12 August 2014.
^ "Onverwachte groei passagiers levert Schiphol tijdelijke vertrekhal op - Amsterdam - PAROOL". Het Parool.
^ Tourist Information on buildings and water management Archived 26 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
^ "AHN – Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland – homepage". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ "Schiphol | Airport Facts about Dutch international airport". Schiphol. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^ "Thelma's Aircraft Spotting" (in Dutch). vakantielandnederland.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ ab Webpage on the accident El-Al 1852 Archived 7 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
^ "Corendon Ran Off Runway at AMS". Airliners.net. 2 October 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Slovenian Airline Adria Airways offers tickets to and from Ljubljana and will fly you to your final destination with a smile!". adria.si.
^ "Route Map - Aegean Airlines". Aegean Airlines.
^ "Explore - Aer Lingus". aerlingus.com.
^ "Routemap". Aeroflot. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
^ "Aeromexico". World.aeromexico.com. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
^ "Destinations - Air Arabia". airarabia.com.
^ "Route Map". Air Astana.
^ "Flight Schedules". aircanada.com.
^ "Air Europa - Official Website". aireuropa.com.
^ "Network". 12 November 2014.
^ "Destinations - Flights to and from Malta by Air Malta". airmalta.com.
^ "Route map" (PDF). airmauritius.com.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Our destinations from Canada - Air Transat". Air Transat.
^ "60+ Destinations - Where We Fly - airBaltic". airbaltic.com.
^ "Network - Alitalia". corporate.alitalia.it.
^ "Europe − Plan travel − American Airlines". aa.com.
^ Arkia. "Arkia Israeli Airlines - Worldwide Destinations". arkia.com.
^ AtlasGlobal. "Online Flight Ticket and Booking - Atlasglobal EN". AtlasGlobal.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Timetable - BELAVIA - Belarusian Airlines". en.belavia.by.
^ "Our route network - Flight information - British Airways". britishairways.com.
^ Development, Studio X Creative / Web Design /. "Airline ticket - Airline Bulgaria Air - Airline Bulgaria Air". air.bg.
^ "Route list and airports". Cathay Pacific.
^ "Flight Network".
^ "Route Map - China Eastern Airlines". nus.ceair.com. Archived from the original on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
^ "China Southern Airlines". global.csair.com.
^ "Corendon - Vluchtinformatie". corendon.nl.
^ HR, Croatia Airlines. "Croatia Airlines - Timetable Summer 2018". croatiaairlines.com.
^ "Destinations We Cover - Czech Airlines". ČSA.cz.
^ "Delta Routes : Delta Air Lines". delta.com.
^ "Delta's next global blockbuster: More trans-Atlantic flights from Los Angeles, Tampa Bay and New York City". Retrieved 22 August 2018.
^ "Route Map - Flights to European Destinations and Beyond - easyJet". easyjet.com.
^ http://www.easyjet.com
^ "EGYPTAIR Route Map". egyptair.com.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Emirates Route Map". routemap.emirates.com.
^ "Etihad Airways Route Map". flights.etihad.com.
^ "Route network - Information - Eurowings".
^ "Route Maps - EVA Air - America". evaair.com.
^ "Book Finnair Flights to 1000+ Destinations". flights.finnair.com.
^ "Route Map - Flybe - Cheap Flights & Budget Flights". flybe.com.
^ "International Flight Routes - Garuda Indonesia". garuda-indonesia.com.
^ "Airline flight derictions". georgian-airways.com.
^ Iberia (25 January 2017). "Global Network - Iberia".
^ "Network and Routemap - Icelandair". icelandair.com.
^ [1][dead link]
^ "JET AIRWAYS: Our Network". jetairways.com.
^ "Destinations - Jet2.com". jet2.com.
^ "We offer International Flights for Various Destinations". Kenya Airways. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
^ "Flight Route Map - KLM.com".
^ "KLM introduces flights to Boston".
^ ab https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/281140/klm-closes-freetown-monrovia-reservations-from-late-jan-2019/
^ van Woerkom, Klaas-Jan (21 September 2018). "KLM start lijndienst tussen Schiphol en Las Vegas".
^ "KLM breidt Italiaans netwerk uit met Napels". luchtvaartnieuws.nl. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
^ "KLM stopt met Southampton". luchtvaartnieuws.nl. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
^ "KLM opent dagelijks lijndienst naar Wroclaw". luchtvaartnieuws.nl. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
^ "Route Map - Korean Air". koreanair.com.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Nordica offers direct flights to Tallinn from destinations all over Europe. Book now!". nordica.ee.
^ https://www.err.ee/875707/nordica-sulgeb-kolm-lennuliini-ja-koondab-kummekond-tootajat
^ "Route map - Norwegian". norwegian.com.
^ Pegasus. "Our Network - Pegasus Airlines". flypgs.com.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Network". royalairmaroc.com.
^ "Route Map - Royal Jordanian". rj.com.
^ "Official Ryanair website - Book direct for the lowest fares - Ryanair.com". ryanair.com.
^ "Destinations - SAS". flysas.com.
^ "Travel Destinations - Where to go for a Holiday - Singapore Airlines". singaporeair.com.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 July 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ "Destination Map - SunExpress".
^ Travel, Love. "Route Map - Surinam Airways".
^ "Route network - All the destinations at a glance - SWISS". swiss.com.
^ "Map of destinations – Find your trip | TAP Air Portugal". Flytap.com. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
^ "TAROM Routes map - TAROM - Official Website". tarom.ro.
^ "Where We Fly - Thomas Cook Airlines". Thomascookairlines.com. 2015-11-22. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
^ "Destinations". transavia.com.
^ abcd "Rechtstreekse vluchten Lapland". Voigt Travel. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
^ "Vluchten Noord-Noorwegen en Spitsbergen". Voigt Travel. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
^ "Vliegbestemmingen TUI fly".
^ "Tunisair's Network : Tunisair Cheap flights to Tunisia". Tunisair.com. Retrieved 2018-08-15.
^ "List of Destinations and Special Offers - Turkish Airlines ®". turkishairlines.com.
^ ab "Turkish Airlines to fully move to Istanbul New in late 4Q18". ch-aviation.com. 16 October 2018. Retrieved 2018-10-16.
^ "Air Routes Map – Ukraine International Airlines (UIA) (Netherlands)". FlyUIA.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Woerkom, Klaas-Jan van (30 August 2018). "United Airlines start nieuwe lijndienst tussen San Francisco en Schiphol".
^ https://www.uralairlines.com/en/your-flight/flight-map/
^ "Ural Airlines delays Amsterdam launch to March 2019". routesonline.com. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
^ https://www.vueling.com/en/book-your-flight/where-we-fly#contenedor
^ "Routekaart - WOW air". wowair.nl.
^ "XIAMEN AIRLINES-Xiamen air (Europe)". xiamenair.com.
^ "Freighter schedule" (PDF). airchinacargo.com.
^ 2017, UBM (UK) Ltd. "Emirates SkyCargo adds Amsterdam – Luxembourg sector in W17".
^ abcd arabianaerospace.com - Etihad Cargo introduces new freighter network 21 September 2018
^ "New building Martinair Headquarters" (Press release). Martinair. June 2010. Archived from the original on 2013-06-15. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Schiphol Real Estate delivers "TransPort" sustainable office building" (Press release). Schiphol Group. 16 March 2010. Archived from the original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "SkyTeam Marks Major Milestones Toward A Centralized Organization". SkyTeam.com. 25 July 2009. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011.
^ "Welcome to WTC Schiphol Airport". World Trade Center Schiphol. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "China Southern Airlines Amsterdam Contact Information". China Southern Airlines. Archived from the original on 12 June 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
^ "Contact Archived 26 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine.." Iran Air Netherlands. Retrieved on 29 January 2011. "Iran Air sales office at WTC Schiphol building" and "World Trade Center Tower A – Level 3, Schiphol Blvd.191 1118 BG Schiphol The Netherlands Sita: AMSSNIR "
^ "Contact." Schiphol Group. Retrieved on 8 November 2010.
^ ab "Annual Report 1999." (Archive) Schiphol Group. 35 (36/87). Retrieved on 20 February 2011.
^ "Country: NL – NETHERLANDS Archived 19 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.." Joint Aviation Authorities Training Organisation. Retrieved on 20 February 2011. "KLM CITYHOPPER BV AOC Num: NL- 2/64 Expiry Date: 01-01-08 Convair Gebouw, Stationsplein 102 1117 BV Schiphol Oost Netherlands."
^ "Contact." (Dutch) KLM. Retrieved on 20 February 2011. "KLM Recruitment Services (SPL/GO) Stationsplein 102 (Convair Building) 1117 BV Schiphol-Oost"
^ "Arkefly." TUI Nederland. Retrieved on 28 September 2009. "ArkeFly Beech Avenue 43 1119 RA Schiphol-Rijk Postbus 75607 1118 ZR Schiphol-Triport "
^ "Contact Us Archived 7 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.." Amsterdam Airlines. Retrieved on 20 February 2011. "Office Address: Het Poortgebouw Beech Avenue 54–80 1119 PW Schiphol-Rijk The Netherlands."
^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 10 April 1969. 578. "Head Office: Schiphol Airport, Amsterdam, Netherlands."
^ "KLM's New Head Office." Flight International. 6 June 1968. 855. Retrieved on 25 October 2010.
^ "History." Martinair. Retrieved on 16 February 2011. Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
^ "Geschiedenis." Martinair. Retrieved on 16 February 2011. Archived 27 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
^ " Both Martinair and Transavia now share a headoffice at Schiphol-Oost.STCC TRANSAVIA." TUI fly Netherlands. Retrieved on 16 February 2011. "transavia.com Westelijke Randweg 3, building Triport III 1118 CR Schiphol Airport"
^ "General Conditions of Passage Archived 17 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.." Transavia.com. 28/28 Retrieved on 16 February 2011. "Address for visitors: transavia.com Westelijke Randweg 3, building Triport III 1118 CR Schiphol Airport"
^ "Annual Report 2004/2005." Transavia.com. 28/28. Retrieved on 16 February 2011. "transavia.com Westelijke Randweg 3 P.O. Box 7777 1118 ZM Schiphol Centrum The Netherlands"
^ ab "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 27 March – 2 April 1991. 98. "Head Office: Building 70, PO Box 7700, 1117 ZL Schiphol Airport (East), The Netherlands."
^ "Europe." Nippon Cargo Airlines. Retrieved on 17 February 2012. "Vrachtstation 5, Pelikaanweg 47,1118DT, Luchthaven Schiphol, The Netherlands"
^ "Engels." National Aerospace Museum Aviodome–Schiphol. 6 August 2002. Retrieved on 26 December 2011. "Westelijke Randweg 201, 1118 CT Luchthaven Schiphol"
^ "Engels." Aviodrome. 21 June 2003. Retrieved on 26 December 2011.
^ "Nederlandse Spoorwegen official website".
^ Schiphol. "Schiphol – Busdiensten" [Schiphol – Bus services]. schiphol.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
^ "Between Belgium and Amsterdam Airport." EVA Air. Retrieved on February 29, 2016.
Bibliography
.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}
- Heuvel, Coen van den. Schiphol, een Wereldluchthaven in Beeld, Holkema & Warendorf, 1992, 978-9-0269-6271-4
External links
Media related to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol at Wikimedia Commons
Schiphol Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Official website
- English version website
- Fire Brigade Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
- Schiphol airport webcams, flight timetables & pilot data
Accident history for AMS at Aviation Safety Network
- Amsterdam Airport Transfer
Haarlemmermeer | ||
|---|---|---|
| Towns |
|  |
| ||
