Signal transducing adaptor protein
Src-associated adaptor protein Skap2 with 1u5e code
Signal transducing adaptor proteins (STAPs) are proteins that are accessory to main proteins in a signal transduction pathway.[1] Adaptor proteins contain a variety of protein-binding modules that link protein-binding partners together and facilitate the creation of larger signaling complexes. These proteins tend to lack any intrinsic enzymatic activity themselves,[2] instead mediating specific protein–protein interactions that drive the formation of protein complexes. Examples of adaptor proteins include MYD88, Grb2 and SHC1.
Contents
1 Signaling components
2 Domains
3 Genes
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
Signaling components
Much of the specificity of signal transduction depends on the recruitment of several signalling components such as protein kinases and G-protein GTPases into short-lived active complexes in response to an activating signal such as a growth factor binding to its receptor.
Domains
Adaptor proteins usually contain several domains within their structure (e.g., Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domains) that allow specific interactions with several other specific proteins. SH2 domains recognise specific amino acid sequences within proteins containing phosphotyrosine residues and SH3 domains recognise proline-rich sequences within specific peptide sequence contexts of proteins.
There are many other types of interaction domains found within adaptor and other signalling proteins that allow a rich diversity of specific and coordinated protein–protein interactions to occur within the cell during signal transduction.
Genes
Genes encoding adaptor proteins include:
BCAR3 – Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 3
GRAP – GRB2-related adaptor protein
GRAP2 – GRB2-related adaptor protein 2
LDLRAP1 – low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1
MYD88 - Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88
NCK1 – NCK adaptor protein 1
NCK2 – NCK adaptor protein 2
NOS1AP – nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) adaptor protein
PIK3AP1 – phosphoinositide-3-kinase adaptor protein 1
SH2B1 – SH2B adaptor protein 1
SH2B2 – SH2B adaptor protein 2
SH2B3 – SH2B adaptor protein 3
SH2D3A -SH2 domain containing 3A
SH2D3C – SH2 domain containing 3C
SHB – Src homology 2 domain containing adaptor protein B
SLC4A1AP – solute carrier family 4 (anion exchanger), member 1, adaptor protein
GAB2 – GRB2-associated binding protein 2
See also
- Wikipedia:MeSH D12.776#MeSH D12.776.157.057 --- adaptor proteins.2C signal transducing
- Wikipedia:MeSH D12.776#MeSH D12.776.543.990.150 --- adaptor proteins.2C vesicular transport
References
^ "Role of Signal Transducing Adaptor Protein (STAP) Family in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia". Retrieved 24 August 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ Signal+Transducing+Adaptor+Proteins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Further reading
- TAB2 is an adaptor protein involved in the IL-1 signal transduction pathway: Takaesu G, Kishida S, Hiyama A, Yamaguchi K, Shibuya H, Irie K, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matsumoto K (April 2000). "TAB2, a novel adaptor protein, mediates activation of TAK1 MAPKKK by linking TAK1 to TRAF6 in the IL-1 signal transduction pathway". Molecular Cell. 5 (4): 649–58. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80244-0. PMID 10882101.
- Good article about adaptor proteins involved in protein kinase C-mediated signal transduction: Schechtman D, Mochly-Rosen D (October 2001). "Adaptor proteins in protein kinase C-mediated signal transduction". Oncogene. 20 (44): 6339–47. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204778. PMID 11607837.
- A good article regarding the role of adaptor proteins involved with the T-cell antigen receptor: Samelson LE (2002). "Signal transduction mediated by the T cell antigen receptor: the role of adapter proteins". Annual Review of Immunology. 20 (1): 371–94. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.092601.111357. PMID 11861607.
- Signalling discussed with regards to adaptor proteins: Pawson, T. (1997). "Signaling Through Scaffold, Anchoring, and Adaptor Proteins". Science. 278 (5346): 2075–2080. doi:10.1126/science.278.5346.2075. ISSN 0036-8075.
