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The London transport system is one of the oldest and largest public transport systems in the world. Many components of its transport system, such as the double-decker bus, the Hackney Carriage black taxi and the London Underground, are internationally recognised symbols of London.

Most transport services in London are controlled by Transport for London (TfL), an executive agency of the Greater London Authority. TfL-controlled services include the London Underground, Docklands Light Railway, the London Overground, Buses and Trams, most of which accept payment by the Oyster card. TfL also administers the congestion charge zone and the low emission zone.

London has a comprehensive rail network with several major railway stations linking to the rest of the country. International travel is possible from two international railway stations at St Pancras International and Stratford International, which connect to mainland Europe through the Eurostar service, or from one of six international airports, including Heathrow or Gatwick.

London is the starting point for a number of motorway routes. The M25 is an orbital motorway which enables vehicles to avoid travelling through central London and is one of the busiest motorways in Europe.

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It is one of the busiest of the British motorway network: 196,000 vehicles were recorded on a busy day near Heathrow Airport in 2003 and the western half experienced an average daily flow of 147,000 vehicles in 2007. To alleviate congestion, sections of the motorway have been widened from the original three-lane carriageways to four-, five- or six-lane carriageways. Other sections use Smart motorway operation with hard shoulders replaced with standard lanes.

The M25, plus the short non-motorway A282 which joins the two ends of the M25 across the River Thames using the Dartford Crossing, is Europe's second longest orbital road after the Berliner Ring, which is 122 miles (196 km).

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Sir Edward William Watkin, 1st Baronet (26 September 1819 - 13 April 1901) was chairman or a director of many British railways including the Metropolitan Railway (MR), the South Eastern Railway (SER) and the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway (MS&LR). He was intermittently a member of parliament, representing Hythe from 1874 to 1895. Through his leadership of the MR, SER and MS&LR, Watkin had the amibtion to construct a new mainline railway connecting the north of England, via London and Kent to the continent. Although his plans for a channel tunnel to be constructed by his Anglo-French Submarine Railway were never realised, the MS&LR constructed its London extension in the 1890s from Annesley, Nottinghamshire to the MR's station at Quainton Road in Buckinghamshire to a continental loading gauge. Reflecting its enhanced connections the MS&LR changed its name to the Great Central Railway in 1987. To encourage tourist day-trips on the MR, Watkin planned a pleasure grounds at Wembley Park, with a large tower, "Watkin's Tower", intended to be larger than the Eiffel Tower. The park opened in 1896, but because of cost and structural problems, the tower was never completed and was demolished after Watkin's death. The site was subsequently used for Wembley Stadium.

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  22 October – Following completion of lift installations, Victoria Underground station is now fully step-free accessible.[1]
  


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  20 November – London Underground Limited signs a contract with Siemens Mobility for 94 new 'Inspiro London' trains to come into service from 2024 on the Piccadilly line.[2]
  


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  5 December – Sir Terry Morgan resigns as chairman of Crossrail Limited and HS2 Limited.[3]
  


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  11 December – The government grants a further loan of £1 billion to Crossrail to fund project overspends and it is announced that the delayed opening date of Autumn 2019 is not going to be achieved.[4]
  


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  19 December – Repeated drone sightings around Gatwick Airport lead to closure of the airport and hundreds of flights being cancelled until 21 December.[5]
  

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• ...that there has been five stations named Shepherd's Bush, three called Wood Lane and two titled White City?

• ...that the cause of the Moorgate tube crash in February 1975 was never satisfactorily determined?

• ...that three new Thames bridges, Chiswick, Twickenham and Hampton Court, were opened on 3 July 1933 by Edward, Prince of Wales?

• ...that at 44 tons, the locomotives of the Central London Railway's first underground trains were so heavy that they shook buildings as they passed 60 feet below and were scrapped after three years?

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Featured articles (31)

1910 London to Manchester air race •
Albert Bridge, London •
Aldwych tube station •
Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield •
Baker Street and Waterloo Railway •
Battersea Bridge •
Brill Tramway •
Brill railway station •
Central London Railway •
Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway •
Chelsea Bridge •
City and South London Railway •
Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway •
Green Park tube station •
Herne Hill railway station •
Charles Holden •
London Necropolis Company •
Metropolitan Railway •
Moorgate tube crash •
RAF Northolt •
Frank Pick •
Quainton Road railway station •
Richmond Bridge, London •
Edgar Speyer •
Underground Electric Railways Company of London •
Vauxhall Bridge •
Waddesdon Road railway station •
Wandsworth Bridge •
Westcott railway station •
Wood Siding railway station •
Wotton railway station (Brill Tramway)

Featured lists (6)

List of former and unopened London Underground stations •
List of London Underground stations •
List of London Monopoly locations •
List of works by Charles Holden •
London station group •
Timeline of the London Underground

Featured topics (2)

Brill Tramway •
Underground Electric Railways Company of London

Good articles (93)

A1 in London •
A215 road •
Acton Town tube station •
Angel tube station •
Arnos Grove tube station •
William Henry Barlow •
Blackfriars station •
Blackwall Tunnel •
BOAC Flight 712 •
Bond Street •
Bow Back Rivers •
Bow Street •
Infrastructure of the Brill Tramway •
British Airways •
British Rail Class 700 •
Broad Street railway station (England) •
Cannon Street station •
Charing Cross railway station •
Chesham branch •
Chiswick Bridge •
Coventry Street •
Dartford Crossing •
Denmark Street •
District Railway •
Down Street tube station •
East Finchley tube station •
Elephant & Castle tube station •
Embankment tube station •
Eurostar •
Euston Road •
Euston tube station •
Euston railway station •
Fenchurch Street railway station •
Finchley Central tube station •
Fleet Street •
Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet •
Gants Hill tube station •
Gloucester Road tube station •
Great Marlborough Street •
Hammersmith & City line •
Hammerton's Ferry •
High Speed 1 •
Highgate tube station •
History of British Airways •
Holborn tube station •
Kennington tube station •
King's Cross St Pancras tube station •
Leicester Square •
Murder of Deborah Linsley •
Liverpool Street station •
London Bridge station •
London Country North East •
London King's Cross railway station •
London Necropolis Railway •
London Necropolis railway station •
London Paddington station •
London Underground departmental stock •
London Victoria station •
London Waterloo station •
M11 link road protest •
Marylebone station •
Moorgate station •
Morden tube station •
North Circular Road •
Northumberland Avenue •
Old Kent Road •
Old Street station •
Oxford Circus tube station •
Oxford Street •
Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines) •
Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines) •
Pall Mall, London •
Park Lane •
Charles Pearson •
Pentonville Road •
Piccadilly •
Regent Street •
St Pancras railway station •
South Circular Road, London •
South Kensington tube station •
Strand, London •
Tillingbourne Bus Company •
Trafalgar Square •
Upminster Bridge tube station •
Vauxhall station •
Victoria line •
Vine Street, London •
Waterloo East railway station •
Westminster tube station •
Whitechapel Road •
Whitehall •
Wimbledon and Sutton Railway •
Woolwich Ferry

Good topics (1)

List of London Monopoly locations