Ykhjuy

Tregaron
Market square with Henry Richard's statue and the memorial hall
Tregaron Tregaron shown within Ceredigion
Population	1,213 (2011)[1]
OS grid reference	SN679597
Principal area	Ceredigion
Country	Wales
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	TREGARON
Postcode district	SY25
Dialling code	01974
Police	Dyfed-Powys
Fire	Mid and West Wales
Ambulance	Welsh
EU Parliament	Wales
List of places UK Wales Ceredigion 52°13′11″N 3°56′07″W / 52.21962°N 3.93517°W / 52.21962; -3.93517Coordinates: 52°13′11″N 3°56′07″W / 52.21962°N 3.93517°W / 52.21962; -3.93517

Tregaron is an ancient market town in Ceredigion, Wales, astride the River Brenig, a tributary of the River Teifi. Tregaron is 11 miles (18 km) northeast of Lampeter. According to the 2011 Census, the population of the ward of Tregaron was 1,213 and 67% of the population could speak Welsh.^[1] Tregaron is a community.

History

Tregaron received its royal charter as a town in 1292.^[2]:p7 It owes its origin and growth to its central location in the upper Teifi Valley. It was the market town for the scattered agricultural communities in the broad, fertile countryside to the south and the rich landowners with extensive holdings in the uplands to the east, the home of many sheep and few people. To the north was Cors Caron which was a fertile land when drained, and to the west a hilly region with self-sufficient farmers on smallholdings of a few acres. These people all converged on Tregaron for the weekly market and the annual fair, Ffair Garon, where the sale of poultry, pigs, cattle and horses took place. The charter for the yearly fair was granted by Edward I in the 13th century.^[3] Sheep fairs were held in May and June and two hiring fairs took place in November. A large number of taverns and inns in the town catered for the influx of country folk to these events.^[4]:p30

In the middle of the 18th century, Matthew Evans kept an inn in the town. He had two sons and a daughter who were celebrated robbers and collectively known as Plant Mat ('Matthew's children' in English). They lived for several years in a cave near Devils Bridge which still bears their name. They terrorized the district and would give to their friends a glove to act as a passport and identify them to their brethren. It was difficult to apprehend the trio because of the narrowness of the entrance to the cave which made it impossible to storm. After several years of success, they committed a murder and, eventually being taken, were sentenced to death and executed.^[5]:p240

Tregaron was a main gathering place for the drovers who, before the advent of rail transport, herded large numbers of cattle, sheep and even geese hundreds of miles to the markets of southeast England. Many Tregaron men were drovers and accumulated considerable wealth in the process. They acted as news carriers and unofficial postmen and some were adept at avoiding tollgates.^[4]:p31

The Tregaron area had a number of water-driven woollen mills and was a centre for the manufacture of hosiery. Woollen socks were knitted at home by men, women and children and sold at the market, often to dealers who resold them in the industrial valleys of South Wales.^[4]:p32
During the Second World War, the War Office used a site near Tregaron for training exercises.^{[citation needed]}

Culture and community

The Talbot Hotel

St Caron's church

The church is dedicated to St Caron. He was a man of lowly origins but "his courage and generous deportment obtained him the sovereignty in Wales: he made war against the Romans, reigned seven years and was buried in Tregarron".^[5]:p242 He is almost certainly the same person as Carausius (Roman name)^[6] who took power in Britain in 286 and was assassinated in 293 by Allectus (also see Carausian Revolt). According to Geoffrey of Monmouth in the translation from Welsh "there was a young man of the name of Caron, of a British family, but of low degree, who... went to Rome, and solicited the Senate to grant him permission and aid to protect the sea coasts of Britain... [He] proposed to the Britons that they should make him king... Allectus with three legions... overpowered him..."^[6] An early Christian stone slab bearing the name Carausius and the Chi Rho symbol is preserved in Penmachno. The church has a tower and stands on a rocky eminence. It consists of a simple nave and chancel.

Other notable buildings in the town include the 13th-century Talbot Hotel, which supposedly has an elephant buried in its grounds.^[7][8] The remote chapel Soar y mynydd is close to Tregaron. In March, 1977, a cottage near Tregaron was one target of an Operation Julie police raid in which vast quantities of the drug LSD were seized.^[9][10]

Nearby Cors Caron (Tregaron Bog), is known for its adders, buzzards, red kites, and polecats. The River Brenig is noted for its brown trout and eels. The river has been the subject of dredging and flood-protection works to provide 1-in-100-year flood protection to the town and improve the environment for wildlife along a stretch of river.^[11]

Music and the arts

An annual eisteddfod is held in the town each September, drawing performers from all parts of Wales and beyond. Eisteddfodau have been conducted at Tregaron for a century or more. The Caron Male Voice Choir was formed in 1969 and has performed in Europe and America as well as the UK.^[12]

Sports

The town holds an annual festival of harness racing in August, which attracts racegoers from across the UK. This was started in 1980 by the Tregaron Trotting Club.^[13] A race day is now held early in May each year.^[14]

The Tregaron Rugby Football Club plays in Division Two West C of the Welsh Rugby Union, having won promotion from Division 3 in 2015.^[15]

An association football team, Tregaron Turfs F.C., plays in the Cambrian Tyres Aberystwyth and District League Division 1^[16]

Public transport

In 1860, government subsidisation was approved for the construction of a railway from Manchester to Milford Haven. At the urging of local people led by David Davies and supported by Joseph Jenkins, capital was subscribed for a station at Tregaron.^{[17]:pp 70–72} The Pencader–Lampeter section was completed in January 1866. The grand opening of the entire line was held the following year at Aberystwyth on 12 August 1867, providing a boost to the economy of the town.^{[17]:pp 79} In 1965, Tregaron's train service was withdrawn and the station closed after the line was badly damaged by flooding south of Aberystwyth.

The main Aberystwyth-Lampeter-Carmarthen long-distance bus service runs via Aberaeron, bypassing Tregaron.

There is a two-hourly bus service to Aberystwyth and Lampeter and a more sporadic service to other neighbouring small towns and villages. There are no buses in the evening or on Sundays and bank holidays.

Education

The Desert of Wales seen from Drygarn Fawr, a wild area north of Tregaron

The Tregaron district has one secondary school, Tregaron Secondary School, and seven primary schools - Tregaron, Lledrod, Bronnant, Llangeitho, Penwuch, Pontrhydfendigaid and Llanddewi Brefi,^[18] which are administered by the Ceredigion County Council.^[19]

Notable people

• 
  Joseph Jenkins ("the Welsh Swagman")


• 
  Twm Siôn Cati ("the "Welsh Robin Hood"


• 
  Henry Richard (1812–1888), known as the "Apostle of Peace", was a Member of Parliament, a minister and secretary of the Peace Society^[20]
  


• Artist Ogwyn Davies (1925–2015)


• Ceramic artist Julie Richards^{[21][citation needed]}
  


• 
  Roy Clews, author of To Dream of Freedom: The Story of MAC and the Free Wales Army^[22][23] and other books published under the name Sara Fraser.^[24]
  


• 
  Evan Shelby (1720-1794), American frontiersman


• William Ian Jones OBE (1932–) ENT surgeon^{[25][citation needed]} Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons ^{[26][not in citation given]}
  

Twinning

Tregaron is twinned with Plouvien, in Finistère, France.^[27]

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tregaron.

• 
  Tregaron Portal page at BBC Mid Wales


• Tourist information


• GENUKI page


• 
  Aerial photograph of Tregaron^{[permanent dead link]}
  


• History of Tregaron


• Tregaron nature walk